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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
<a name="zend.debug"></a>Chapter 11. Zend_Debug</h2></div></div></div>
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<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="zend.debug.html#zend.debug.dumping">11.1. Dumping Variables</a></span></dt></dl>
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<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="zend.debug.dumping"></a>11.1. Dumping Variables</h2></div></div></div>
<p>
        The static method <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code> prints or returns
        information about an expression.  This simple technique of debugging is
        common, because it is easy to use in an ad hoc fashion, and requires no
        initialization, special tools, or debugging environment.
    </p>
<div class="example">
<a name="zend.debug.dumping.example"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 11.1. Example of dump() method</b></p>
<div class="example-contents"><pre class="programlisting">&lt;?php

Zend_Debug::dump($var, $label=null, $echo=true);</pre></div>
</div>
<br class="example-break"><p>
        The <code class="code">$var</code> argument specifies the expression or variable
        about which the <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code> method outputs
        information.
    </p>
<p>
        The <code class="code">$label</code> argument is a string to be prepended to the
        output of <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code>.  It may be useful, for
        example, to use labels if you are dumping information about multiple
        variables on a given screen.
    </p>
<p>
        The boolean <code class="code">$echo</code> argument specifies whether the output
        of <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code> is echoed or not.
        If <code class="code">true</code>, the output is echoed.
        Regardless of the value of the <code class="code">$echo</code> argument, the
        return value of this method contains the output.
    </p>
<p>
        It may be helpful to understand that internally,
        <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code> method wraps the PHP function
        <a href="http://php.net/var_dump" target="_top"><code class="code">var_dump()</code></a>.
        If the output stream is detected as a web presentation,
        the output of <code class="code">var_dump()</code> is escaped using
        <a href="http://php.net/htmlspecialchars" target="_top"><code class="code">htmlspecialchars()</code></a>
        and wrapped with (X)HTML <code class="code">&lt;pre&gt;</code> tags.
    </p>
<div class="tip"><table border="0" summary="Tip: Debugging with Zend_Log">
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<th align="left">Debugging with Zend_Log</th>
</tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">
<p>
            Using <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code> is best for ad hoc
            debugging during software development.  You can add code to dump
            a variable and then remove the code very quickly.
        </p>
<p>
            Also consider the <a href="zend.log.html#zend.log.overview" title="26.1. Overview">Zend_Log</a>
            component when writing more permanent debugging code.
            For example, you can use the <code class="code">DEBUG</code> log level and the
            Stream log writer, to output the string returned by
            <code class="code">Zend_Debug::dump()</code>.
        </p>
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